Analysis of The Effectiveness of Project-Based Learning Methods in Improving Elementary School Students' Science Learning Outcomes

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of project-based learning methods in improving learning outcomes and student motivation in Natural Science (IPA) subjects in elementary schools. The background of this study is based on the problem of low student achievement in science learning outcomes and minimal active student involvement in conventional learning, which is still dominated by lecture methods. Students tend to be passive, less participatory, and unable to understand science concepts in depth due to this condition. Therefore, alternative learning strategies are needed that are more interactive and encourage direct student involvement. Project-based learning methods are considered one solution because they provide opportunities for students to learn through real-life experiences, group collaboration, and the application of concepts in everyday life contexts. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a pretest and posttest control group model, involving two classes as samples. The experimental class implemented the project-based method, while the control class continued to use conventional learning. The instruments used included a science test for learning outcomes and a learning motivation questionnaire. Data were analyzed using a t-test to compare the two groups. The results showed a significant increase in both learning outcomes and student motivation. These findings indicate that the project-based method is an effective science learning strategy in elementary schools.