Essential Oils Etlingera Doliiformis A.D. Poulsen, An Endemic Ginger From Sulawesi, Indonesia

Abstract

The study aimed to analyze Etlingera doliiformis essential oils, antioxidant capacity and review the potential bioactivity of the compound. The species is endemic in Sulawesi. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation of the leaves, stems, flowers, and rhizomes of E. doliiformis. The plants were analyzed by GC-MS method using the Agilent Technologies 7890 Gas Chromatograph with Auto Sampler. Data analysis of GC-MS was determined based on a comparison of mass spectra from the NIST 2005 v.2.0 library and Wiley 7 library 2003. Antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH (1,1-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil) assay. The five main compounds found in E. doliiformis were Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (50.72%), 2-Pyridinecarboxylic acid (49.06%), γ- Sitosterol (23.24%), 2-Hexadecanoyl glycerol (17.68%) and Ethyl linoleate (16.05%). The oils of E. doliiformis contain terpenoids, phenolic, steroids, and miscellaneous compounds. The terpenoids compound were dominant in flowers and leaves. Steroids were dominant in rhizomes and stems. Phenolics were dominant in leaves and rhizomes. Miscellaneous compounds were scattered in every organ analyzed. Compound review shows that E. doliiformis has the potential to be developed in the pharmaceutical and drug industry. The antioxidant activity showed a relatively high inhibition rate, 48.2% in flowers and 42.4% in leaves.