Work Balance, Employee Engagement and Workload on the Effectiveness of Organizational Structure at the Class II Non TPI Palopo Immigration Office

Abstract

The effectiveness of organizational structures in the public sector, especially in service agencies like the Immigration Office, is strongly influenced by human resource factors. Work-life balance, employee engagement, and workload directly and indirectly affect organizational performance. This study examines the impact of these factors on the effectiveness of organizational structures at the Class II Non-TPI Palopo Immigration Office. A quantitative approach with an explanatory design was used. The population and sample included all 70 employees (total sampling). Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale covering work-life balance, employee engagement, workload, and organizational structure effectiveness. Analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS), including t-tests, F-tests, and R² tests. Results showed that work-life balance, employee engagement, and workload each had a positive and significant effect on organizational structure effectiveness. Simultaneously, these factors significantly influenced employee performance, which further improved organizational effectiveness. Therefore, managerial strategies that focus on enhancing work-life balance, boosting employee engagement, and managing workload appropriately are crucial to ensure that organizational structures function dynamically, adaptively, and responsively to public service demands.